Rotary compressor



March 25, 1952 s. SCOGNAMILLO 2,590,729

' ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed June 16, 1948 2 swans-sum 1 Fiq'f March 25,1952 s. SCOGNAMILLO ROTARY COMPRESSOR 2 Sl-lEE-TSSHEET 2 Filed June 16,1948 INVEN TOR. fii/al ore 00 Patentecl Mar. 25, 1952 ROTARY COMPRESSORSalvatore Scognamillo, Bronx, N. Y., assignor to Scognamillo EngineeringCompany,

Bronx,

Application June 16, 1948, Serial No. 33,407

12 Claims. (01. 103-121) This invention relates to rotary devices suchas compressors, pumps, engines, and the like, of the type wherein arotor is eccentrically positioned in a cylindrical chamber in a housing,and in particular, the invention relates to a rotary device having aneccentrically positioned rotor with a blade or blades in radiallydisposed slots therein, wherein the blades are positioned within arotating sleeve and the ends .of one the blades are in engaging relationwith traveling discs, so that all wiping contact between the blades andhousing is eliminated. p a

The purpose of this invention is to improve the efliciency of rotarypumps, compressors, engines and the like, by eliminating the frictionresulting from wiping contact of the ends of the blades with the innerperipheral surface of a surrounding chamber in which the rotor andblades are positioned, and also the binding between the side surfaces ofblades and walls of slots in a rotor resulting from the said wipingcontact between the blades and surface of the housing.

This invention is an improvement over the rotary pump of my prior Patent#2,443,994 of June 22, 1948, in which means is provided in theembodiment of a rotary sealed compartment inthe crescent-shaped area,which consists of a sleeve positioned in the periphery of the pumpchamber and discs positioned concentrically to the pump chamber, whereina rotor eccentrically positioned in said chamber engages a blade theends of which extend into slots in said discs to actuate the motion ofrotation continuously in the crescentshaped area. a

In the usual rotary pump or the like, blades are radially positioned ina rotor, and as the rotor travels around the cylinder, the blades aresqueezed into slots resulting in excessive wear between the edges ofthe-blades and cylinder wall, and also between the sides of the bladesand walls of the slots in which the blades are held. Furthermore, in theusual type of rotary device-the ends of the blades scrape against theend surfaces of the cylindrical chamber wherein wear develops on theends of the blades, and groovesdevelop in the contacting surfaces of thehousing. 7

With this thought in mind, this invention contemplates an improvedconstruction for rotary devices of this type, wherein all wiping orrubbing contact between the blades and peripheral or side surfacesv ofthe housing is eliminated.

The object of this invention is, therefore, to provide mounting andactuating means for blades in rotary devices wherein all surfacescoacting with the blades travel with the blades.

Another object of the invention is to provide continuous guide means forblades of rotary devices wherein blades are maintained in fixed relationto the inner peripheral surface of a revolving 2 tioned, and a rotorslides over the blades with a reciprocating motion in relation thereto.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary pump, engine, ordevice of the type wherein a rotor rotates concentrically about a centereccentrically positioned in a chamber wherein a continuouscrescent-shaped area is provided on one side of the device, and flatblades are carried in radially disposed slots, wherein the blades travelthrough the crescent-shaped area causing pumping action drawing fluid inat one end of the said area and discharging the fluid from the oppositeend.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rotary pump, engine, ordevice of the type, wherein a rotor rotates concentrically about acenter eccentrically positioned in a chamber, wherein a continuouscrescent-shaped area is provided in the pump chamber, the rotor engagingthe blades and actuating the motion of rotation of the sleeve and discs,which are positioned concentrically to the pump chamber therein.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary device having arotor rotating-concentrically about a center eccentrically positioned ina cylindrical chamber wherein blades radially positioned in the rotorare held by discs traveling with the blades, and the outer ends of theblades are in continuous contact with and in fixed relation to a sleevetraveling withthe discs.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary device havingblades mounted in radially positioned slots in a rotor in which acomplete self-contained unit U-shape in cross section surrounds theblades and travels therewith.

A further object of the invention is to provide a rotary device having arotor concentrically operating about a center eccentrically positionedin a cylindrical chamber in a housing, providing a crescent-shaped areabetween the rotor and housing and havin a sleeve with openingstherethrough rotatably mounted in the chamber: in which an inletconnection communicates with one end of the crescent-shaped area throughthe openings of the sleeve, and a discharge connection communicates withthe opposite end of the crescent-shaped area, also through openings inthe sleeve.

A still further object-oi the invention is to provide a rotary devicehaving blades radially positioned in a rotor in a cylindrical chamber ina housing, with a revolving sleeve and discs at the sides rotating withthe sleeve wherein bearing shoulders are provided at the ends of therotor on which the discs are journaled.

And still further object of the invention is to provide an improvedrotary-compressor or device having a rotor with blades surrounded by atraveling unit enclosing the ends and outer edges of the blades, therebyproducing sealed compartments and greatly increasing the compression inthe crescent space, which is of a comparatively simple and economicalconstruction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view the inventionembodies a rotary compressor or the like having a housing with inlet anddischarge connections and having a cylindrical cavity or chambertherein, a rotor havin radially disposed slots extending inwardly fromthe peripheral surface eccentrically positioned in the chamber, bladesin the rotor with the ends extending beyond the ends of the rotor, pinsfreely mounted in the blades with the ends thereof extending beyond theends of the blades, a perforated sleeve forming a peripheral lining inthesaid chamber and rotatably mounted therein, and flanges positioned atthe ends of the rotor and rotatably mounted in the housing, said fiangeshaving recesses to receive the ends of one of the blades and said sleevehaving a recess to receive the edge of said blade, said rotor adaptedtov push the blades sliding over the same in the operation of thecompressor and through the blades pushing the sleeve and flanges whereinI the said sleeve and flanges rotate with the blades forming sealedcompartments in a crescentshaped area between the rotor and sleeve asthe blades are pushed through the said area.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing descriptions one of the discs in combination therewith, and

illustrating a modification wherein the compressor is provided with asingle blade.

Figure 4 is a cross section through the sleeve taken on line AA ofFigure 7 showing the openings therein.

Figure 5 shows an assembly of the blades with traveling discs at thesides which hold the ends of one of the blades and travel therewith.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the rotor with the shaft upon which it ismounted and with the other parts omitted.

Figure '7 is a cross section through the sleeve shown in Figure 4.

- Figure 8 shows an end view of the rotor.

Figure 9 is a view similar to'that shown in Figure 2 illustrating amodification wherein the combination of a blade, with a rotor and aninner traveling unit is used in a compressor for refrigerants and thelike.

Figure 10 is an end elevation of the compressor illustrated in Figure 9with the cover plate removed.

Figure 11 is a modification showing a sectional plan taken on line IIIIof Figure 10 showing the housing with the rotor, sleeve and discsomitted and showing the shaft hearings in the cover plate instead of inthe housing as in Figure 9.

Figure 12 is a cross Section through the inner self-contained unit,including the discs and sleeve and with parts broken away showing ablade positioned therein. Figure 13 is a plan view showing a rotor witha. blade mounted in a slot therein and with discs at the ends of therotor shown in section with the section through the discs taken on thecenter line thereof.

Figure 14 is a view showing a side elevation of one of the discs with ablade illustrated in combination therewith.

Figure 15 is an end view of the rotor showing a blade-holding slot inone side thereof.

Figure 16 is a view showing a side elevation of the rotor with the shafttherein, and with parts of the shaft broken away.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters denotecorresponding parts, the rotary device of this invention includes arotor ID, in a housing II, with blades I2 and 23 freely slidable inradially disposed slots I3, and the housing is provided with a freelysliding floating and traveling perforated sleeve I4 with floatingtraveling discs I5 and I6 providing guide means for the blades in theends. The'rotor is mounted on a shaft H which is rotatably mounted inthe housing and eccentrically positioned in a cylindrical chamber I8.

The rotor I0 is fixedly mounted on the shaft I! as shown in Figure 6 andthe shaft is provided with an extending end I9 that is journaled in ahub 20 of a cover plate 2| with a ball bearing 22 provided in the end ofthe hub to take lateral thrust. The slots I3 extend inward from theperipheral surface of the rotor, and as the rotor rotates it pushes theblades around with the center part thereof sliding away from thebladesas the blades leave the center between inlet and outlet parts of thehousing providing open areas at the inner ends of the slots I3, and thenas rotation is continued, the rotor slides back over the blades,substantially closing the areas between the inner ends of the blades andinner ends of the slots as illustrated by the blade 23 in Figure 1.

As the rotor operates, the driving blade 23 which is positioned with theouter edge in the slot in the sleeve and the ends in slots in the discsI5 and I6 pushes the sleeve I4 and also the discs l5 and I6 which form aunit U-shape in cross section around with the rotor, providing slidingcontact between the outer surfaces of the discs and sleeve with theinner surfaces of the housing and also guide means for the blade,wherein all wiping or frictional contact between the blades and housingis eliminated.

During this action, the follower blades I2 are held outward, with theouter ends in continuous engagement with the inner surface 24 of thesleeve I4 by pins 25 of the blades I2 that are'freely mounted inopenings 26 extending through the blades, with the ends of the pins ofthe blades I2 positioned in tracks 21 and 28 in the traveling discs I5and I6 thereby providing further guide means for the blades. The discsI5 and I6 are rotatably mounted in the housing with the disc I 5 freelyrotatable on a shoulder 29 and the disc I6 freely rotatable on ashoulder 30. and these members are keyed through the blade 23 to thesleeve I 4 as illustrated in Figures 3 and 5, wherein the ends of theblade 23 extend into slots 3I and 32 in the discs I5 and I6,respectively, and the outer edge of the blade is extended into a recess33 in the inner surface of the sleeve I4. The sleeve I4 is provided withopenings 34 that may be of any shape or size. With the parts arranged inthis manner, and with the rotor rotating in a clockwise direction withthe device positioned as shown in Figure 1, fluid will be drawn throughan inlet connection 35 and discharged through a face of the rotortraveling about the center of the shaft wherein suction is created onthe inlet side and pressure is caused by the blades on the outlet ordischarge side.

The housing illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. is formed with a hub 38 bywhich the pump may be mounted with a split clamp or the like, althoughit will be understood that the housing may be supported'in any manner orby any means. The hub is provided with an inner bearing sleeve orbushing 39, and a packing gland 40 is provided at-the end. The coverplate 2| is mounted on the opposite end of the housing by cap screws 4|as shown in Figure 2.

In the design shown in Figures 9to 16,-a device is illustrated that isparticularly adapted for pumping or compressing a refrigerant for use inrefrigerating devices and the like. For this ap plication, the device isshown as supported in a bracket 42 through a stud 43 having a threadedend on which a lock nut may be threaded. The stud 43 is provided on acover plate 45 that is secured to ahousing 46 by screws 41.

In this design, the rotor 48 is mounted on a shaft 49' that isjournaledin the hub 50 of the housing 46 and the hub is provided with abearing sleeve 5!, with a packing gland 52 in the outer end. A pulley 53may be mounted on the outer end of the shaft as shown in Figure 3. Therotor 48 is provided with a single slot 54 in which a blade 55 ispositioned, and a pin 58 is freely mounted in the blade with the endsextending into'open-v ings or sockets 51a and 58a in the discs 51 and 58respectively, and also with the ends of the blade extending intoradially disposed slots 59 and 60 in the discs 57 and 53, respectively.As shown in Figures 9 and 13, the ends of the pin 56 extend intoopenings in the discs Bland 58 and retain the outer Wiping edge of theblade concentric with the sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of thecylindrical chamber. The outer edge of the blade extends into alongitudinally disposed recess 6| in an outer traveling sleeve 62whereby the sleeve 62 and discsi'l and 58 are keyed by the blade to therotor. The combination of the sleeve 62 with the discs 51 and 58provides a self-contained unit U-shape in cross section that travelscontinuously with the blade so that all contact of the edge or ends ofthe blades with the inner surfaces of the housing is eliminated. Thediscs are journaled on inwardly extending hubs or bosses 63 and 64 ofthe cover 45 and housing 46, respectively, and this unit including thediscs and sleeve is concentric with the cylindrical chamber 65 in thehousing in which the rotor is eccentrically positioned. The housing isprovided with an inlet connection 6B that communicates with one end of acrescent-shaped area 67 in the housing through a slot 6, and also adischarge connection 68 that communicates with the opposite end of thesaid crescent-shaped area through a slot 1, as shown in Figure 11.

In the design shown in Figure 11, the housing for the rotor, blade,sleeve, and discs is formed with inlet and outlet connections Hi and 75provide in a housing i2 with a shaft 13 forthe rotor rotatably mountedin a bearing iii in a hub of a cover 16. The rotor assembly includingthe. discs, rotor, blade and pins of this design are similar to thecorresponding parts of Figures 9, 10, 12 and 13. The housing is providedwith a shoulder TI on which the disc '58 is. rotatably,

mounted, and the cover is provided with a shoulder '!8 on which the disc5! is rotatably mounted. The outer end of the hub is provided with apacking gland l9.

With the parts arranged in this manner, the

rotor is driven through the shaft 49 by a beltor' the like on a pulley53, and as the rotor rotates, the blade 55 travels into and out of thecrescentshaped area 61 with the outer edge held in the recess in thesleeve 62, and with the ends held in slots in the discs 5! and 58. Withthis movement, fluid is drawn in through the connection 66 and forcedout of the discharge connection 68, and the device may be used as a pumpor compressor and may be used for any suitable purpose.

It will be also understood that other modifications may be made in thedesign and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

What is claimed is: 1. A rotary engine comprising a housing having acylindrical chamber, therein and having inlet and outlet connectionscommunicating with said chamber, a perforated sleeve having a transverseslot in the inner surface freely mounted in the cylindrical chamber ofthe housing, a rotor having a radially disposed slot therein rotatablymounted in the housing and eccentrically positioned in the saidcylindrical chamber, said rotor positioned to contact the sleeve at apoint between the inlet and outlet connections of the housing, rotatablediscs with radially disposed slots in the inner faces freely mounted inthe housing and positioned at the ends of the rotor, and a blade freelyslidable in the slot of the rotor and positioned with the outer edgethereof in the slot of the perforated sleeve and with the ends thereofextended beyond the ends of the rotor and positioned in the radiallydisposed slots of the discs. 2. A rotary engine comprising a housinghaving a cylindrical chamber therein and having inlet and outletconnections communicating with said chamber, said housing havingcylindrical bearing shoulders extended into the ends of the saidcylindrical chamber and concentric therewith, a perforated sleeve havinga transverse slot in the inner surface thereoffreely mounted in thecylindrical chamber of the housing, discs with aligned radially disposedslots in the inner faces thereof in the cylindrical chamber androtatably mounted on the shoulders of the housing, a rotor having aradially disposed slot therein rotatably mounted in the housing withinthe sleeve and between the discs and eccentrically positioned in thesleeve and cylindrical chamber, and a blade freely slidable in the slotof the rotor and positioned with the outer edge thereof in the slot ofthe sleeve and with the ends extended beyond the ends of the rotor andpositioned in the slots of the discs. 3. A rotary engine as described inclaim 2, wherein shoulders are provided in the inner ends of .the slotsof the discs for continuously retaining the outer edge of the blade inthe transverse slot of the perforated sleeve.

4. A rotary engine as described in claim 2,.

wherein additional radially disposed slots are provided in the rotor andfollower blades, the ends o'fwhich are flush with the ends of the rotor,are provided in said additional slots of the rotor.

5. A rotary engine as described in claim 2, wherein additional radiallydisposed slots are provided in the rotor and follower blades, the endsof which are flush with the ends of the rotor are provided in saidadditional slots of the rotor, and wherein the said follower blades areprovided with guide means coacting with the discs for retaining theouter edges of the follower blades in continuous wiping contact with theinner surface of the perforated sleeve.

6. In a rotary device, the combination which comprises a housing havinga cylindrical chamber therein with inlet and outlet connectionscommunicating with said chamber, a perforated cylindrical sleevepositioned in the cylindrical chamber of the housing and freelyrotatable therein, said sleeve having a transverse slot in the innersurface thereof, discs with radially disposed slots therein positionedin the cylindrical chamber of the housing and in the ends of the sleeve,a rotor having radially disposed blade holding slots therein positionedwithin the sleeve in the cylindrical chamber and journaled in thehousing, a driving blade positioned in a slot of the rotor with one edgethereof extended into the transverse slot of the sleeve and the endsthereof extended into the radially disposed slots of the discs, followerblades with openings therethrough positioned in the remaining slots ofthe rotor, and pins extended through the openings of the follower bladeand into the discs for retaining the outer edges of the follower bladesin contacting relation with the inner peripheral surface of theperforated sleeve, said discs also providing guide means for the drivingblade retaining the said outer edge thereof in the transverse slot ofthe perforated sleeve, and the peripheral surface of said rotor alsocontacting the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve at a point betweenthe inlet and outlet connections of the housing.

7. A rotary device as described in claim 6, wherein the housing isprovided with cylindrical shoulders extended into the said cylindricalchamber and concentric therewith, and the said discs are positioned torotate on said shoulders.

8. A rotary device as described in claim 6, 3

wherein the slots of the discs are provided with shoulders which providethe guide means for retaining the outer edges of the driving blade inthe transverse slot of the perforated sleeve.

9. A rotary device as described in claim 6, wherein the guide means forretaining the edge of the driving blade in the transverse slot of theperforated sleeve comprise shoulders in the radially disposed slots ofthe discs and the inner faces of the discs are provided with annulargrooves into which the ends of the pins of the follower blades extend toprovide the means for retaining the follower blades in contactingrelation with the perforated sleeve.

10. A rotary engine comprising a housing having a cylindrical chambertherein, said housing having inlet and outlet connections communicatingwith the cylindrical chamber, a perforated sleeve freely mounted in saidcylindrical chamber, a rotor having a radially disposed slot thereinrotatably mounted in the housing and eccentrically positioned in saidcylindrical chamber, rotatable discs freely mounted in the housing andpositioned at the ends of the rotor, and a blade freely slidable in theslot of the rotor and positioned with the outer edge and ends extendedinto the said perforated sleeve and discs, respectively, said bladehaving an opening therethrough, a pin freely positioned in the openingthrough the blade, the ends of said pin extended beyond the ends of theblade and into sockets in the said discs, the said sleeve and discsbeing rotated by the rotor through the blade.

11. A rotary device comprising a housing having a cylindrical chambertherein, a rotor having radially disposed slots therein eccentricallypositioned in the chamber and rotatably mounted in the housing, saidhousing having inlet and outlet connections and said rotor positionedbetween the said connections, a perforated sleeve positioned in thechamber, surrounding the rotor and journaled in the housing, said sleevehaving a longitudinally disposed slot in the inner surface thereof, saidhousing having hubs extended into the cylindrical chamber and positionedto en age the ends of the rotor, discs having radially disposed slots inthe inner faces thereof in the chamber, and positioned at the ends ofthe rotor and journaled on the hubs of the housing, and blades slidablymounted in the slots of the rotor with the outer edge of one of theblades extended into the slot of the sleeve and with the ends of theblade, the edge of which, extends into the slot of the sleeve extendedinto the radially disposed slots in the inner faces of the discs.

12. A rotary machine of the character disclosed comprising a housinghaving opposed end walls connected by a cylindrical wall andcooperatively forming a cylindrical chamber, said cylindrical wallhaving circumferentially spaced inlet and outlet ports opening to saidcylindrical chamber and said end walls having inwardly projecting,stationary, opposed cylindrical hubs concentric to said cylindricalwall, a cylindrical rotor journaled eccentrically in said chamberbetween said opposed cylindrical hubs, said rotor having a radial slotin the periphery of the same, a blade freely slidable in said slot andprojecting full width be yond opposite ends of the rotor, end discsjournaled on said stationary hubs between the end walls of the housingand the opposite ends of the rotor and free for rotation independentlyof said rotor, said discs having radial grooves in the inner faces ofthe same slidingly receiving the full width projecting ends of the bladeand the inner ends of said radial grooves engaging the inner edges ofthe projecting end portions of the blade to positively hold the bladeoutward in the slot in the rotor and said radial grooves extending onlypart way through the end discs and whereby said end discs seal theprojecting ends of the blade over the ends of the rotor and prevent theblade from sliding longitudinally into rubbing engagement with the endWalls of the housing, and a perforated sleeve freely rotatable in saidcylindrical chamber about said rotor and having a transverse slot in theinner surface of the same and receiving the outer edge of said blade.

SALVATORE SCOGNAMILLO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 549,873 King Nov. 12, 18951,695,650 Godillot Dec. 18, 1928 2,018,391 Whitfield -1 Oct. 22, 19352,049,092 Sturm July 28, 1936 2,443,994 Scognarnillo June 22, 19482,462,481 Estey Feb. 22, 1949 2,469,097 Wrenn May 3, 1949 FOREIGNPATENTS Number Country Date 107,899 Austria Nov. 10, 1927 203,621 GreatBritain Sept. 13, 1923 354,079 Germany June 2, 1922 361,866 Germany Oct.20, 1922 383,325 Germany Oct. 12, 1923 730,516 France May 10, 1932

